Evaluation of an Arthropod Sampling Technique for Measuring Food Availability for Forest Insectivorous Birds
نویسنده
چکیده
—I provide a detailed description of an arthropod sampling technique, ‘‘branch clipping,’’ and evaluate its efficacy in measuring food availability for three foliage-gleaning migratory warbler species wintering in Jamaica. I incorporated foraging observations into the sampling protocol to facilitate a match between the distribution of branch-clip samples and the distribution of warbler foraging attacks over available microhabitats. Where the match was imprecise, I weighted branch clip samples accordingly. Foraging observations indicated that most foraging maneuvers used by the warblers were directed at prey located on foliage, which are likely to be well sampled by branch clipping. Published diet analyses permitted the elimination of prey taxa and sizes that were not eaten by the warblers, and suggested that nearly all of the items eaten were captured by branch clipping. Habitat-specific warbler attack rates, which can be used as independent evaluations of food availability measurements, closely matched prey density as estimated by branch clips across three habitat types (citrus orchard, coffee plantation, and dry limestone forest). These data suggest that branch clipping effectively measured food availability for foliage-gleaning warblers in Jamaica. The method is probably also well suited for other foliage-gleaning species, particularly in habitats and seasons in which birds feed largely on prey residing on or flying near leaf surfaces. Branch clipping is probably ill suited for species that feed heavily on either large, fast flying insects (e.g., Odonata), or on large masses of flies (e.g., Chironomidae) that seldom land on forest foliage. EVALUACIÓN DE UNA TÉCNICA PARA MUESTREAR ARTRÓPODOS PARA MEDIR LA DISPONIBILIDAD DE ALIMENTO PARA AVES DE BOSQUE INSECTÍVORAS Sinopsis.—Proveo una descripción detallada de una técnica para muestrear artrópodos, ‘‘recortar ramas’’, y evaluar la eficacia en medir la disponibilidad de comida para tres especies de aves migratorias que rebuscan en las hojas mientras invernan en Jamaica. Incorporé las observaciones de forrajeo al protocolo de muestreo para facilitar una asociación entre la distribución de las muestras de ramas recortadas y la distribución de los ataques de forrajeo de las especies sobre el microhabitat disponible. Cuando la asociación era imprecisa, pesé las muestras de las ramas de la misma forma. Las observaciones indican que la mayorı́a de las maniobras de forrajeo usadas se dirigieron a presas halladas en las hojas, que deben estar bien muestreadas en los cortes de ramas. Los análisis de las dietas publicados permiten la eliminación de taxones de presas y/o tamaños que no fueron tomados por las aves, y sugieren que básicamente todos los alimentos comidos fueron capturados por este método. Las tasas de ataque especı́ficas al habitat, que son usables para evaluar independientemente cuan disponible está el alimento, se asociaron cercanamente a la densidad de presas según estimadas por este método a través de tres tipos de hábitat (siembra de Citrus sp., plantación de Coffea sp. y bosque cársico seco). Estos datos sugieren que el método de cortar ramas midió efectivamente la disponibilidad para las aves que rebuscan ramaje en Jamaica. Este método parece ser apropiado para otras especies que rebuscan ramaje, en particular en hábitats y temporadas en que las aves se alimentan grandemente en presas que residen o vielan cerca de la superficie de las hojas. Recortar ramas es probablemente poco adecuado para estudiar especies que se alimentan mayormente de insectos grandes, de vuelo rápido 1 Current address: Department of Wildlife, Humboldt State Univ., Arcata, California 95521 USA. Vol. 71, No. 1 [89 Arthropod Sampling FIELD ORNITHOLOGY Friday Oct 19 2001 03:29 PM 2000 Allen Press • A V i i O N System forn 71_108 Mp_89
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